The study aims to illustrate what are the patterns of human trafficking in the context of the armed conflict in Ukraine

The study aims to illustrate what are the patterns of human trafficking in the context of the armed conflict in Ukraine

It is important to note that the IOM Emergency Manual is designed primarily to provide guidance to IOM staff operating in humanitarian contexts. Some entries, describing internal management and administrative processes are available only to IOM staff. To access this content, IOM staff will have to sign in using their IOM email address. However, most of the Emergency Manual's content is publicly available, making the manual accessible as a tool for humanitarian partners and other interested parties. In addition to IOM processes and procedures, the Emergency Manual also provides guidance on Inter Agency Standing Committee (IASC) frameworks and processes, including, but not limited to, the IASC Cluster System and the Humanitarian Programme Cycle. Note that guidance on inter-agency frameworks and procedures are taken from existing IASC tools and references with additional guidance included by IOM, when relevant, on how the Organization can better contribute to inter-agency frameworks.

What makes migrants vulnerable to human trafficking and associated forms of exploitation and abuse? A new study, undertaken by Minderoo Foundation’s Walk Free initiative and IOM, examines the connection between migration and modern slavery, and focuses on which migrants are most vulnerable, and in what circumstances, to modern slavery. The report explores various sites of vulnerability where migrants are particularly susceptible to human trafficking, forced labour and modern slavery. These include private dwellings, border crossings, irregular migration routes and conflict zones. The report illustrates that migrants are most vulnerable to exploitation in situations where the authority of the State and society are unable to protect them. It also analyses the characteristics of victims that are thought to contribute to their vulnerability. In addition, the study explains some characteristics of offenders, including worldviews that allow them to rationalize the exploitation of others. Lastly, the study looks at examples of enabling environments or contexts, such as restrictive immigration policies, that engender or exacerbate vulnerability.

The practical guidelines contained in this publication provide guidance on how to determine the need for a response to migrants in situations of vulnerability, and on how to plan for, finance, monitor and evaluating such response, accordingly. This publication should be considered as complementing the IOM Handbook. Protection and Assistance for Migrants Vulnerable to Violence, Exploitation and Abuse.

The IOM Glossary on Migration is an accessible and extensive collection of definitions of migration-related terminology. It is designed for a broad range of actors engaging with migration at the international level. It also provides some insights on regional and national practices. The purpose of this Glossary is to develop a common understanding and consistent use of migration and migration-related terms based, whenever possible, on international standards. Creating uniformity in language is an important starting point in migration discussions to ensure an accurate understanding and coherent exchange of information among actors working in the field of migration. This updated version of the Glossary reflects recent developments in the use of migration-related terms, drawing definitions from a wide range of reliable sources or reflecting IOM’s understanding of migration-related concepts.

The handbook provides operational guidance and tools to support effective protection responses in situations of internal displacement. Specifically, the Handbook seeks to: ensure staff members are familiar with the core concepts, principles and international legal standards that form the framework for protection work; assist staff in operationalizing these concepts, principles and legal standards and in carrying out their protection responsibilities; improve understanding of the particular protection risks faced by internally displaced women, men, boys and girls of various backgrounds; provide guidance on how to prevent and respond to the protection risks faced by IDPs through a range of different activities; enhance staff skills for carrying out protection work; and promote a consistent and well-coordinated protection response in different operations.

This booklet presents the status of knowledge on trafficking in persons in the context of armed conflict. It is based on an extensive review of literature and reports from regional and international organizations combined with primary information collected from areas where armed conflicts have been discussed by the United Nations Security Council. It draws on cases investigated by the international criminal tribunals and interviews with United Nations peacekeeping personnel based in field missions located within or in the proximity of conflict zones. A detailed methodology, interview questions and list of respondents is annexed to this booklet. The first section presents an overview of the main forms of trafficking that have been identified within and in the surroundings of conflict areas. The subsequent section describes commonly identified victim profiles and outlines the main factors impacting their vulnerability to trafficking. The third section identifies main perpetrators and analyses the ways in which trafficking in persons is used as part of their modus operandi. The final section presents examples of trafficking in persons in conflict scenarios on the agenda of the Security Council (where enough information was available).

In 2019, many more people needed humanitarian assistance than we had forecast, largely because of conflicts and extreme climate events. Donors provided a record $16 billion for inter-agency appeals between January and November 2019. Compliance with international law is declining. Armed conflicts are killing and maiming a record number of children, forcing them to flee their homes. They are becoming a lost generation. Women and girls are at higher risk of sexual and gender-based violence. One in five people living in conflict areas has a mental health condition.Highly violent conflicts are causing widespread hunger, displacement, death and destruction around the world. They are taking a heavy toll on civilians, who account for 90 per cent of the casualties when explosive weapons are used in populated areas. There were 791 attacks against health workers and health-care facilities in the first nine months of 2019, resulting in 171 deaths. In 2018, 131 aid workers were killed and 130 were kidnapped in 400 attacks. Attacks against health and aid workers are putting millions of people at risk by denying them care and aid.

In the context of the 10-Point Plan, a key objective of cooperative arrangements among partners is to ensure that migration policies are both effective and “protection-sensitive”, that is, they take into account the needs of all persons who travel as part of mixed movements, including asylum-seekers, refugees, victims of trafficking, unaccompanied and separated children and other groups.As opposed to the other action points of the 10-Point Plan, which outline tools for developing practical, protection-sensitive responses to mixed movements within a particular subject area, the theme of this chapter, “Cooperation among Key Partners”, provides an overarching methodology for addressing mixed movements. Most of the examples in the 10-Point Plan involve more than one actor and demonstrate how cooperation can be operationalized to address mixed movements in that specific area. By contrast, the examples presented in this chapter focus broadly on cooperation at the national, regional and international levels across several or all aspects of mixed movements.